CS 519                                  Operating Systems Topics Review

1. Processes & Thread

Process creation/execution/exit
Process model and thread model
    - user and kernel mode
    - interrupt/exception/trap
Process transition diagrams
    - Example: 3-state/4-state process diagram
IPC
    - Race conditions
    - Critical region
    - Semaphores, Monitors, Message passing.
Process Scheduling
    - Context Switching
    - Round Robin, Priority, FCFS, Shortest Job First

2. Deadlocks

Deadlock conditions
Deadlock detection and recovery
Deadlock avoidance (Bank algorithms)
Deadlock prevention

3. Memory Management

Memory allocation
    - First fit, Next fit, Best fit, Worst fit, Quick fit
Virtual memory with paging
    - Page Tables (single level, multiple levels)
    - TLBs (Associated Memory, Cache memory)
    - Page Replacement Algorithms
      (Optimal, FIFO, NRU, Second chance, LRU)
Virtual memory with segmentation
    - Segment with paging

4. I/O
Principles of I/O Hardware
    - Memory-mapped I/O, Programed I/O, Interrupts, and DMA
    - Device controller, Disk
Principles of I/O Software
    - Layered software
    - Disk arms scheduling algorithms

5. File System

File attributes and operations
Directory systems and operations
File system implementations
    - UNIX inode; Soft/Hard links

6. Security

Basics of cryptography
Attacks (from inside): Buffer Overflow, Trojan Horses
Attacks (from outside): Viruses, Worms
Design principles for security
Protection Mechanisms
Trusted Computing Base

7. OS Programming

Create and synchronize multiple processes.